• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A process and apparatus for contacting a fluid with the walls of a vessel are characterised by flow of the fluid alternatingly (a) through a structure within the vessel and having passages angled to the general direction of flow in the vessel and (b) through a space between the structure and the vessel walls. The structure can be for example a cross flow ceramic or metal honeycomb or a stack of profiled plates or of apertured plates such as expanded metal. The structure can carry a catalytic coating and then affords high activity and low pressure drop The process and apparatus are especially suitable for endothermic tubular steam hydrocarbon reforming According to the figure a cylindrical vessel has separated from its inner walls by annular-section space 12. a structure consisting of elliptical flat plates 14 alternating with elliptical corrugated plates 16, all mutually parallel and set at an angle of 30° to the general fluid flow direction The relative pressure drops through the passages and through space 12 are adjusted so that fluid flows through the passages between the flat plates and corrugated plates and then on emerging from those passages, through the space 12 in contact with the vessel walls until it encounters the openings of further pas sages
    公开号:SU1102494A3
    申请号:SU802979297
    申请日:1980-09-05
    公开日:1984-07-07
    发明作者:П.Д.Дэвидсон
    申请人:Империал Кемикал Индастриз Лимитед (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to heat engineering and can be used in the chemical industry and other areas of technology associated with the production and operation of heat exchange equipment. A heat exchanging device is known which comprises a cylindrical body, a concentric heat exchange tube installed therein, and cylindrical inserts with radial holes placed with a gap in the annular space between the tube and the body. i3 However, since the path length of the flow through the guide structure is poor, difficulties arise when using this device for processes in which chemical or catalytic effects take place. A known heat exchange tube with open ends, containing an inner guide insert, placed with an annular gap relative to the stack of the tube and formed by inclined septums to alternately change the direction of the fluid to the opposite 21. The disadvantages of the known pipe are the difficulty of carrying out the process of reforming hydrocarbons and the insufficient intensification of heat exchange during such processes. The purpose of the invention is the intensification of heat exchange and the provision of a hydrocarbon reforming process. This goal is achieved by the fact that in a heat exchange pipe with open ends, containing an internal guide insert placed with an annular gap relative to the pipe wall and formed by inclined partitions to alternately change the direction of the liquid to the opposite, the insert is complete in the form of a package of parallel elements with the formation of channels inclined to the axis of the pipe and interconnected in series through the annular gap between the insert and the pipe wall. Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a heat exchange tube with an insert made of flat plate elements alternating with elliptical profiled elements; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1; FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a pipe with a concentrically arranged shell and inserted in the form of a package, polps of conical elements; Fig. 4 shows a section B-B in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 shows a heat exchange pipe with transverse grids dividing the insert into cells containing packages of parallel flat elements with openings; figure 6 is the same, view along the axis of the pipe; Fig. 7 is the same, axial view, perpendicular to the element plane; Fig. 8 shows a variant of the mutually perpendicular arrangement of the elements; Fig. 9 shows the flow pattern in the insertion channels; Fig. 10 shows an embodiment of a pipe with a longitudinal crosspiece; Fig. 11 is a variant of pipe filling with two longitudinal crosspieces. The heat-exchanging tube 1 with open ends contains an inner guide insert 2 placed with an annular gap 3 and formed by inclined baffles to alternately change the direction of the fluid to the opposite. Insert 2 is made in the form of a package of parallel elements 4 with the formation of channels 5, inclined to the axis of the pipe 1 and interconnected in series through the annular gap 3 between the insert and the wall of the pipe. In the gap 3 between the insert 2 and the walls of the pipe 1, a spacing element (not shown) can be installed, providing a predetermined gap value. The upper element of the insert 2 may be made of a perforated material, such as a thin metal mesh. Moreover, the size and frequency of the openings can vary from the site to the section along the surface of the insert, and the cross section of the channels 5 can be triangular, square, rectangular, hexagonal or round. The thickness of the walls of the channels can be equal to 0.022 mm. Pipe 1 has a.-Length 3-5 times its width. The angle of the channels 5 to the general direction of flow is 20-80. As elements 4, of which the insert 2 is formed, can be used: ceramic or metal honeycombs, assembled and welded to displace them in a pipe, or stacks of corrugated plates 6 that do not have a strong joint between them. In this case, plates b may have projections on the surface.
    The profiled plates 6 (Fig. 2) can alternate with flat plates 7. In addition, the elements can be made in the form of a spiral, and when making a pipe for a reforming pipe 5 with a cylindrical shell located concentrically inside it (Fig. 3 and 4), the elements 4, 9 kinds of hollow truncated cones can be made, and the smooth surfaces O alternate with the profiled ones.
    The heat exchange pipe 1 can be divided into sections (Fig. 10), in each of which there are parallel elements 4, but placed at an angle, t5 opposite the angle in the adjacent section. The walls of pipe 1 and other surfaces can be coated with chemically or catalytically active coatings.
    The insert 2 can perform the function of catalyst 20, while it contains a supporting material, for example, or a metal carrying a catglite active metal, and it is also possible a layer of oxidizing material.
    During the reforming process, the necessary conditions are created for carrying out an endothermic reaction. Typically, the temperature at the outlet of the catalyst is 600 ° C, the pressure is 5-100 bar and the ratio of steam (mole vapor / atom) is 2-8. Pipe 1 has an internal diameter of 40-150 mm.
    When inserting 2 of elements that represent alternating plane 7 and profiled 6 elliptical plates (Figures 1, 2, 9), the flow has directions: AB through the channels between the flat plates 7 and the profiled 6, and then through the gap 3 changes to BC.
    When installed inside the tube of a hollow cylindrical element placed fgo concentric (Figs. 3 and 4), the channels in the structure have a radial component of the flow direction, while the insert ensures consistently Centripetal flow A, flow in contact with the inner wall B, centrifugal flow A (, flow in contact with the external wall B.
    When performing an insert 2 in the form of a plate pack with holes (Fig. 3), the flow passes successively in the direction AB, then through the gap 2 and further in the direction B – C.
    Thus, the fluid flow passes alternately through inclined channels inside the insert 2 and the gap 3 between the insert and the wall of the pipe 1.
    The use of the proposed heat-exchange tube allows to significantly intensify the heat transfer and to ensure the reforming processes using different coatings of the insert. hydrocarbons.
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    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    An HEAT EXCHANGED PIPE with open ends, containing an internal guide insert placed with an annular gap relative to the pipe wall and formed by inclined baffles for alternating the opposite direction of the liquid, characterized in that, in order to intensify heat transfer and ensure the process of hydrocarbon reforming, the insert is made in the form of a parallel package elements with the formation of channels inclined to the axis of the pipe and interconnected sequentially through an annular gap between wok and pipe wall. <"1102494
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US4340501A|1982-07-20|
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    DK378780A|1981-03-07|
    DE3068525D1|1984-08-16|
    EP0025308B1|1984-07-11|
    NO153718C|1986-05-14|
    JPS5645764A|1981-04-25|
    CA1152295A|1983-08-23|
    NO153718B|1986-02-03|
    IN155027B|1984-12-22|
    EP0025308A1|1981-03-18|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
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